Expressing Warmth and
Affection to Children

Expressing warmth and affection to children is important for a number of reasons:

It shows children that teachers and other caregivers like them, enjoy being with them, are having fun with them, and are pleased with their efforts and accomplishments.
It reassures and comforts children and contributes to secure relationships between children and adults.
It provides models of positive, gentle behavior and is linked with children’s ability to interact with peers.
It leads to teachers’ enjoyment of the warmth and affection of children.

Remember:

Expressions of warmth and affection are most effective in the context of an ongoing positive relationship between a child and caregiver.
Warmth and affection can be expressed in so many different ways including smiles, laughter, voice tone, words of endearment (“I missed you”, “little one”), encouragement, and many types of physical contact (a quick pat on the head, a special handshake, gentle stroking, hugging).
It is critical to express warmth and affection to children in ways that are sensitive to their individual preferences, family and cultural background, temperament, disabilities, and possible history of abuse. Some children may prefer very brief rather than lengthy touch, for example.
Classrooms that are well organized and predictable set the stage for individualized, warm interactions with children.
Children who are the most challenging are often those who need warmth and affection the most.

August 2005

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This material was developed by the Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning with federal funds from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families (Cooperative Agreement N. PHS 90YD0119). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial projects, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. You may reproduce this material for training and information purposes.

We welcome your feedback on this What Works Brief. Please go to the CSEFEL Web site (http://csefel.uiuc.edu) or call us at (217) 333-4123 to offer suggestions.

Expressing Warmth and Affection to Children